Source A

 

Source B

“I was born in 1935. My mother Caterina and I were originally from Pola in Istria, then in Italian territory …

After the war there were no prospects for good jobs for me in Italy … we found out there was an International Refugee Organisation that paid the fare for migrants. We were accepted because we were refugees coming from Pola. From Taranto we went to another camp in Bari (Italy) to wait for a ship. After two years in camps, my mother had used up all the money, so we were forced to go anywhere we could

 

As we had been refugees for two years and moved around a lot, so didn’t have a lot of luggage, just one suitcase and a baule (trunk) with our basic things like clothes and some saucepans. My mother also packed her special coffee grinder that she couldn’t live without. Just as well, when she tasted Australian Nescafe she said it tasted like acqua sporca (dirty water), very different to Italian coffee …

In 1951 when I was 16, my mother and I boarded the Castel Bianco in Naples and in one month, in August that same year, we arrived in Melbourne

 

In Melbourne, we got on a train to Bonegilla. It was a bit better than the Italian camps we had stayed in. In Italy, the huts had large rooms divided by military blankets, but in Bonegilla we had a small hut divided by timber frames with metal panelling. My mother and I had a small room to ourselves and that was good. No cooking, we all ate together in the canteen but the food was not a hundred percent …

 

I was one of the first ones to go out to work from the group that came on our ship. I think it was only 10 days after we arrived that I left Bonegilla for my first job at the Chullora railway workshop in south-west Sydney … I had to leave my mother because we had signed an agreement to work and we didn’t want to complain.

After one week, I got a pass to go back to Bonegilla to see my mother but she had also been sent away. No-one knew she had gone. I wasn’t too happy but I knew that I would hear from her soon so I went back to Sydney to work. A week later I got a letter from her to say she was in Coolah, that is in North West of NSW. She was sent to Coolah District Hospital as a maid. I had to wait about a month for a pass to go to see her …”

 

 

Source C

 

 

Source D

 

 

 

 Source E

 

{Access on Google Drive for Table}

 

Source F 

 

{Access on Google Drive for Timeline}

 

 

 

 

OCMAPUR analysis of 2 sources

 

Evaluation of Source A Primary:

The “He’s coming south” poster was a propaganda poster referring to the threat of Japanese invasion in 1942 in particular. A Japanese soldier is striding across the globe towards Australia with the Imperial Japanese flag behind him. He is armed with a submachine gun and is about to stomp on Australia. This work highlights the psychological effect the Japanese advance had upon the Australian population, and the poster was considered so extreme that it was not released in Queensland or Melbourne. This poster was made in 1942 at the peak of the invasion threat toward Australia as it was trying to persuade more men, who weren’t fighting in the pacific to join the army and stop the invasion from occurring on their home land. It was made to scare people however also making them aware of the threat. The illustrator of the poster is unknown however this is a primary source as it was created during the war and was published in 1942.

The reliability of the source’s information is premium as the poster was published and created during the World War II era as well as it being recognised by “The Australian War Memorial” which is a very reliable source itself as it is the National War Information Memorial of Australia of which has all of Australia’s War History.

The usefulness of the Poster was proven to have worked as it didn’t even make the publish in Melbourne and Queensland as it had scared the editors so much so they didn’t publish it, however it was published in the other states and territories and it did make more men sign up for war as the new brand of soldiers appeared called the “Chocolate Solders”. For most of these solders they had propaganda thrown at them all day every day and now that they had either turned the legal age to fight (18+) or had been inspired to fight and defend their country due to this propaganda.

Although this poster preached war the underlying purpose for it, was to get people to think about all the people going to war, all the lives lost and then when the war finished it made people think about how vulnerable Australia was to another attack and how another country could over run us in a heartbeat if we didn’t populate. This underlying tactic worked as seen in Source E we can see the population of Australia growing due to the “Populate or Perish” scheme that was around that time.

 

 

Evaluation of Source E Secondary:

Source E, the table of population was created in 2005 by Brian Hoepper. He’s a modern historian who has taken part in the making of text books and the information that is put into them. The reason for the secondary source table is to show how Australia’s population has grown over the years due to such events as WWII causing the migration of people. The reason for the results being created was for the general public to see the growth of the population and by who exactly was entering the country, from which countries they were migrating from. Brian managed to obtain such documents with the public population through government documents made public.

He in particularly made this table for a history textbook used in schools “Jacaranda” which is proven to be a leading brand in trusted knowledge with history as it obtains knowledge from various sites and sources, compares them, checks them and then publishes them. Creating a highly trusted and reliable source of information.

The usefulness of the table is very high as mentioned before as it clearly shows the population of Australia just after the war, through the 70’s, 80’s and then to the last year of the twentieth century. Also the fact of the table being created in 2005 yet still being relevant is due to the fact that it is reporting on historical fact that can’t be changed.